Michal Rovner was born in 1957 in Tel Aviv. She studied cinema, television, and philosophy at Tel-Aviv University before enrolling at the Bezalel Academy of Art and Design in Jerusalem in 1981, receiving a B.F.A. in photography and art in 1985. In 1978, with artist Arie Hammer, she co-founded the Camera Obscura School of Art in Tel Aviv, the city�s first school for photographers. She moved to New York in 1987. In the early 1990s, she worked with director Robert Frank on two films, One Hour-C�est Vrai (1990), an experimental film for French television, and Last Supper (1992), which she helped write.

In her early photography series Outside (1990�91), Rovner took an image of a Bedouin shack in the Israeli desert and printed and reprinted it, distorting its size and color. For the Decoy series (1991), she distorted radar and surveillance images to create photographs of indistinct groups of people with blurred features. In One-Person Game Against Nature (1992�93), she again distorted images, this time her own photographs of people floating in the Dead Sea. In 1996, Rovner began to use film and video, creating works featuring anonymous crowds of people or animals, as in Monoprints of Birds (1998). While she has eschewed direct political commentary in her work, in 1995�96 she produced installations for the Israel�Lebanon border that were situated on electric fences and guard towers in the line of ongoing firefights. These were complemented by her video Border (1996�97), in which she futilely attempted to demarcate and cross the border from Israel into Lebanon. Her video Notes (2001) was a collaboration with the composer Philip Glass; Rovner used footage of a group of people walking on an inclined angle, and Glass composed music inspired by this moving image. Time Left (2002), a multichannel video installation comprising images of endless rows of indistinct beings, was the centerpiece of her mid-career retrospective at the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York in 2002. For the exhibition In Stone, at Pace Wildenstein in New York in 2004, she mixed sculpture and video by projecting minute images of crowds onto tablets of stone, blurring the line between image and text.

Rovner has had numerous solo exhibitions since her first, at the Dizengoff Center in Tel Aviv in 1987, including shows at the Prague House of Photography (1992), the Art Institute of Chicago (1993), Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam (1997), and Museo d�Arte Contemporanea in Rome (2003). She has also exhibited widely in group exhibitions, such as the Photography Biennial in Ein Harod, Israel (1986), New Photography 10 at the Museum of Modern Art in New York (1994), Photographic Condition at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (1995), Whitney Biennial (2000), Biennial Exhibition at the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. (2000), and Venice Biennale (2003). In 1997, she received the Tel Aviv Museum Award. She lives and works in New York and Israel, where she has a farm in the Valley of Ayalon, between Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.